Everything about The Assuwa totally explained
The
Assuwa league was a confederation of states in western
Anatolia, defeated by the
Hittites under an earlier
Tudhaliya I around
1400 BC. The league formed to oppose the Hittite empire. The list of its members contains 22 names, including
[...]uqqa,
Warsiya,
Taruisa,
Wilusiya and
Karkija (
Caria).
Some of the identifications of these names are disputed.
Wilusiya is commonly identified with
Ilion, and
Taruisa with the surrounding
Troad, and
Warsiya may be associated with
Lukka (
Lycia). However, identification of
[..]uqqa with later-attested
Lukka (Lycia) is problematic, because that would put the Assuwa league both north and south of
Arzawa in southwestern Anatolia. Assuwa appears to lie north of Arzawa, covering the northwestern corner of Anatolia.
Homer in the
Iliad seems to refer to two Lycias (in 2.876-77, 5.479;
Sarpedon is a leader of "distant Lycia" while in 2.824ff. 5.105
Pandarus is another leader of Lycians from around
Mount Ida near Troy, so that
Lukka vs.
[...]uqqa may find its explanation in these terms.
This confederacy is mentioned only in the fragmentary tablets making up Laroche's CTH 142/85. Since the later
Tudhaliya IV was known to have had frontier trouble between 1250 and 1200 BC, and since the text lists rebel nations in much the way
Ramesses II does, the first consensus dated this text - and so Assuwa - to Tudhaliyas IV. This dating appears in all older literature on the fall of the
Hatti, and crops up every now and then to this day. However the consensus has since then come around to dating Assuwa to an earlier Tudhaliyas, which means prior to
Suppiluliumas and so prior to 1350 BC.
Assuwa has been suggested as the origin for the name of the continent
Asia (Bossert, 1946).
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